Can the rotational speed of a miniature cooling fan be adjusted?
Category:
Industry Trends
Release time:
2021-07-05
Nowadays, miniature cooling fans are widely used in many fields, performing dust removal and heat dissipation to extend the service life of equipment. When selecting miniature cooling fans, some customers take into account the operating environment of the fans. Specifically, they hope that the fans will remain idle when the temperature is low and no cooling is required, or that the fan speed can be slowed down accordingly. This approach not only achieves the desired cooling effect but also reduces energy consumption. So, can miniature cooling fans adjust their rotational speed?
1. A standard miniature cooling fan, unless specially designed and treated, cannot automatically adjust its speed based on ambient temperature. This is because the motor in a miniature cooling fan is fixed—so long as the voltage remains constant, the fan’s rotational speed will remain proportional to its power output.
2. If the voltage applied to a miniature cooling fan changes, the fan’s power output will also change, which in turn affects the fan’s rotational speed. However, the voltage supplied to the cooling fan cannot be adjusted arbitrarily—it can only be reduced. If the voltage is too high, it will cause the fan’s current and the driver IC’s current to exceed their safe limits, leading to a rise in temperature that could ultimately burn out the cooling fan. 
3. A temperature-controlled resistor is connected in series inside the motor of the miniature cooling fan. When the temperature changes—either rising or falling—the resistance of the temperature-controlled resistor also changes, which in turn alters the resistance of the miniature fan motor connected in series with it, thereby adjusting the rotational speed of the miniature cooling fan.
4. The miniature cooling fan, equipped with PWM functionality, is affected by temperature changes in the ambient environment. When the motherboard detects these temperature variations, it sends a signal to the fan, adjusting the PWM duty cycle. As the duty cycle varies, the rotational speed of the miniature fan changes linearly accordingly.
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