Fun Facts About DC Brushless Fans
Category:
News Center
Industry Trends
Release time:
2021-11-22
I. Basic Working Principle of DC Fans.
According to Ampère’s right-hand rule, when a conductor carries an electric current, it generates a magnetic field around it. If this conductor is placed in another stationary magnetic field, a magnetic reluctance effect will occur, causing the object to move. In a pre-magnetized rubber permanent magnet ring (used as the rotor of a DC fan), the number of magnetic pole pairs corresponding to the permanently fixed magnets is matched by the number of magnetic pole pairs in the silicon steel laminations (N, S, N~).
The rotor (blades) is wound around the axis and wrapped around the silicon steel laminations. A Hall-effect sensor serves as a synchronous detection device, controlling a circuit that causes two sets of coils on the silicon steel laminations to alternate their operation. As a result, different magnetic poles—N, S, N, N, S—appear on the outer surface of the silicon steel laminations, enabling them to attract the rubber magnets. If the repulsive force exceeds the static frictional force of the fan, the rotor (blades) will naturally begin to rotate. Thanks to the synchronous signal provided by the Hall-effect sensor, the blades can keep running continuously, and their direction of rotation can be determined using Fleming’s right-hand rule.
Fan energy conversion: Electrical energy → electromagnetic energy → mechanical energy (kinetic energy) → thermal energy.
II. What is a DC brushless fan (hereinafter referred to as a DC fan)?
1. Traditional DC motors must be equipped with brushes and a commutator (commutator) to switch the direction of current, generating the thrust that enables the motor to run continuously.
A brushless DC fan, on the other hand, uses a direct current voltage as its power source. Therefore, it replaces the mechanical brushes with a fixed electronic switch—such as a Hall-effect sensor IC—that performs current commutation, enabling the rotor to keep rotating. Such fans are referred to as “brushless DC fans.”
Brushless DC fans have the following advantages:
1. No carbon brush wear, enabling long-term continuous operation without maintenance.
3-2 inches are easy to operate at high speeds, highly efficient, and produce low noise.
The switch current of 3~3″ is spark-free.
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