How do DC cooling fans work?
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Industry Trends
Release time:
2021-08-23
A DC cooling fan is a type of heat dissipation device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy through direct current voltage and electromagnetic induction, thereby driving the fan blades to rotate. Thanks to its numerous advantages—such as excellent cooling performance, high rotational speed, and long service life—DC cooling fans are widely used. But have you ever taken the time to understand how a DC cooling fan actually works? Let’s now have our editor briefly explain it to you.
Operating steps for a DC cooling fan:
1. A DC cooling fan is primarily composed of a rotor, stator, fan blades, and other auxiliary components (such as bearings and retaining rings). The control circuit typically incorporates numerous semiconductor components, which nowadays are often integrated into one or more ICs. Some manufacturers even specially design and produce a wide variety of motor-control IC models specifically for use in fan circuits. However, different IC models feature varying control circuit designs; nonetheless, their primary objective remains the same: to more effectively control and maintain the coil’s efficient performance and meet the specific requirements of DC cooling fans.
2. The speed signal output from the DC cooling fan circuit is typically in pulse form, with each pulse representing one full rotation of the fan. Such a signal can be directly transmitted via the data bus to the host computer for display. However, some DC cooling fans output speed signals that do not reflect the fan’s actual rotational speed but rather a multiple of the true speed—for example, generating 2, 4, or 6 pulses per fan revolution. Therefore, these signals must undergo processing before they can accurately represent the fan’s actual rotational speed. If you wish to determine whether the displayed speed is the actual speed or a multiple thereof, you can use a tachometer to measure the actual rotational speed and then compare it with the displayed data.
3. There are two types of monitoring methods for DC cooling fans themselves: alarm sensors and speed sensors. By using an alarm sensor, the fan can generate an alarm signal when its speed falls below a certain threshold. Meanwhile, the speed signal output enables real-time monitoring of the fan’s rotational speed. Thus, it is evident that the greater the airflow of a DC cooling fan, the higher its heat dissipation capability. This is because air has a fixed specific heat capacity; therefore, a larger airflow—meaning more air passing through per unit time—can carry away more heat. Under the same airflow conditions, the effectiveness of heat dissipation also depends on the way the air moves.
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